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National Fire Protection Association
National Fire Protection Association reported $108.4 million in revenue and $98.0 million in expenses for calendar year 2025. Of every $100 it spent, $57.70 went to program services, $42.30 to management and general costs and $0.00 to fundraising. Its largest source of revenue was program service revenue such as fees, sales and contracts: 25.9% of the total. The highest compensation it reported for one person was $1,259,317 (PRESIDENT NFPA). 170 people received more than $100,000 in reportable compensation. Revenue rose 33% between 2019 and 2025. Source: Form 990, 2025.
Where $100 of spending went
Calendar year 2025 · Form 990, Part IX, line 25 · total expenses $98MFor context, the median across 67 covered public safety, disaster preparedness & relief charities: $92.61 programs, $7.29 management, $0.10 fundraising (medians computed separately, so they may not sum to $100).
Where $100 of revenue came from
Calendar year 2025 · Form 990, Part VIII · total revenue $108MThe 990 scorecard · same measures for every charity, no grades
| Measure | 2025 | Median |
|---|---|---|
| Program services Part IX 25(B) ÷ 25(A) | 57.7% | 89.6% |
| Management & general Part IX 25(C) ÷ 25(A) | 42.3% | 7.1% |
| Fundraising Part IX 25(D) ÷ 25(A) | 0.0% | 0.1% |
| Fundraising cost per $1 of contributions Part IX 25(D) ÷ Part VIII 1h | $0.00 | $0.01 |
| Contributions & grants share of revenue Part VIII 1h ÷ 12 | 1.7% | 87.0% |
| Government grants share of revenue Part VIII 1e ÷ 12 | 0.4% | 0.0% |
| Program service revenue share Part VIII 2g ÷ 12 | 25.9% | 2.8% |
| Highest reported compensation Part VII-A, columns D–F | $1,259,317 | $350,135 |
| Highest compensation as share of expenses Part VII-A ÷ Part IX 25(A) | 1.29% | 1.29% |
| People paid over $100,000 Part VII, line 2 | 170 | 8 |
| Net assets, in months of expenses Part X 33(B) ÷ monthly expenses | 54.7 | 8.0 |
| Independent voting board members Part VI 1a–1b | 16 of 17 | 100.0% |
A median is context, not a target: hospitals, universities, food banks and grantmakers spend in very different ways. What these measures can and can't tell you.
What the money paid for, in its own words
2025 · Form 990, Part III · the three largest programs by expensePublications - the association's technical and general interest publications cover the public safety spectrum. In addition to codes and standards, they include handbooks, technical/reference books, fire service publications and training manuals
Standards development - a major focus of the association is the development, publication, and dissemination of timely consensus codes and standards. Adoption, use and enforcement of these documents serve to minimize the possibility and effects of fire and other hazards in all aspects of contemporary activity. Nfpa standards are developed by about 264 committees, each of which represents a balance of affected interests
Membership - nfpa's membership is comprised of approximately 36,000 individuals. The majority of the members reside in the united states; overall members represent 112 nations with a majority being in north america but growing internationally
Highest reported compensation
2025 · Form 990, Part VII, Section A · roles as filed; names are in the filing, not here| Role | From this org | From related orgs | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PRESIDENT NFPA Director/trustee, officer, 36.50 hrs/week | $935,336 | $0 | $323,981 | $1,259,317 |
| VICE PRESIDENT Highest compensated employee, 37.50 hrs/week | $572,381 | $0 | $58,490 | $630,871 |
| FORMER OFFICER Former, 0.00 hrs/week | $0 | $503,602 | $75,687 | $579,289 |
| FORMER CFO Former, 0.00 hrs/week | $0 | $400,267 | $69,816 | $470,083 |
| VP, NFPA GLOBAL Highest compensated employee, 37.50 hrs/week | $375,310 | $0 | $76,444 | $451,754 |
| ASST. SECRETARY Officer, 37.50 hrs/week | $334,496 | $0 | $73,985 | $408,481 |
| VICE PRESIDENT Highest compensated employee, 37.50 hrs/week | $339,438 | $0 | $46,671 | $386,109 |
| HEAD OF HR Highest compensated employee, 37.50 hrs/week | $281,364 | $0 | $69,675 | $351,039 |
170 people received more than $100,000 in reportable compensation from National Fire Protection Association (Part VII, line 2). Compensation of current officers, directors and key employees totaled $3.3M (Part IX, line 5).
7 years of filings
Form 990, Parts I, VII, IX and X · each row is that year's own filing, linkedGovernance answers, as filed
2025 · the organization's own yes/no answers; explanations, if any, are in Schedule O of the filing · what each means- Voting board members, and how many are independent Part VI, lines 1a–1b17 · 16 independent
- Audited financial statements Part XII 2bYes
- Conflict-of-interest policy Part VI 12aYes
- Whistleblower policy Part VI 13Yes
- Document retention policy Part VI 14Yes
- Independent process for top executive pay Part VI 15aYes
- Board given the 990 before filing Part VI 11aYes
- Family or business ties among insiders Part VI 2No
- Aware of a significant diversion of assets Part VI 5No
- Excess benefit transaction with an insider Part IV 25aNo
- Loans to or from insiders outstanding Part IV 26No
- Lobbying, or a 501(h) election in effect Part IV 4Yes
- Over $15,000 of professional fundraising services Part IV 18No
- Over $10,000 of activity outside the U.S. Part IV 14bYes
- Employees Part I, line 5454
- Volunteers Part I, line 65,862
Largest outside contractors
2025 · Form 990, Part VII, Section B · businesses only| MATTER COMMUNICATIONS Marketing | $6,646,204 |
| RSM US LLP Consulting | $4,329,554 |
| MOJO SUPERMARKET Advertising | $2,573,500 |
| COMMAND ROBBINSVILLE Printing | $2,100,711 |
Individuals listed as contractors are left out. 90 contractors were paid more than $100,000 in all.
Private foundation grants it received
2 private foundations reported grants to National Fire Protection Association totaling $2,025 on their tax year 2023 Form 990-PF returns. See which foundations, on WHOFUNDS.
Source: WHOFUNDS open grant graph, matched from Form 990-PF Part XV.
Correct a figure or respond
Every number above is copied from National Fire Protection Association's own Form 990. If one doesn't match the filing, that's our error and we'll fix it. If you work for National Fire Protection Association, you can publish a response that is linked from this page.
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Of every $100 National Fire Protection Association spent in 2025, $57.70 went to programs. The full breakdown, from its IRS Form 990:
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All public safety, disaster preparedness & relief charities · Largest charities in Massachusetts
Questions people ask
How much of National Fire Protection Association's spending goes to programs?
In calendar year 2025, National Fire Protection Association reported that 57.7% of its $98.0 million in expenses went to program services, 42.3% to management and general and 0.0% to fundraising (Form 990, Part IX).
How much does National Fire Protection Association pay its top executive?
The largest total compensation National Fire Protection Association reported for one person in calendar year 2025 was $1,259,317, for the role of PRESIDENT NFPA (Form 990, Part VII, including compensation from related organizations and other compensation).
Where does National Fire Protection Association get its money?
Of $108.4 million in revenue in calendar year 2025, 1.7% came from contributions and grants (including 0.4% from government grants) and 25.9% from program service revenue (Form 990, Part VIII).
Is National Fire Protection Association a registered charity?
The IRS lists EIN 04-1653090 as a 501(c)(3) organization (publicly supported organization (509(a)(2))), and its records show contributions as tax-deductible. Form 990 filings on record here cover tax years 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025. A filing shows what the organization reported; it doesn't by itself show whether a program works.
Sources
- 2025: Form 990 for calendar year 2025, object 202642319349301754 · read the filing
- 2024: Form 990 for calendar year 2024, object 202512729349301086 · read the filing
- 2023: Form 990 for calendar year 2023, object 202412919349300911 · read the filing
- 2022: Form 990 for calendar year 2022, object 202312699349301086 · read the filing
- 2021: Form 990 for calendar year 2021, object 202233129349302093 · read the filing
- 2020: Form 990 for calendar year 2020, object 202133159349307658 · read the filing
- 2019: Form 990 for calendar year 2019, object 202022889349301702 · read the filing
All filings for EIN 04-1653090: ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer · IRS Tax Exempt Organization Search. Figures are as the organization reported them; we have not audited them.