Vermont Law School
Also known as Vermont Law and Graduate School
Vermont Law School reported $54.4 million in revenue and $48.0 million in expenses for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025. Of every $100 it spent, $81.83 went to program services, $15.81 to management and general costs and $2.36 to fundraising. Its largest source of revenue was program service revenue such as fees, sales and contracts: 62.7% of the total. Government grants made up 15.7%. The highest compensation it reported for one person was $369,654 (President). 45 people received more than $100,000 in reportable compensation. Revenue rose 49% between FY2020 and FY2025. Source: Form 990, FY2025.
Where $100 of spending went
The fiscal year ending June 30, 2025 · Form 990, Part IX, line 25 · total expenses $48MFor context, the median across 5,499 covered education charities: $85.56 programs, $13.59 management, $0.85 fundraising (medians computed separately, so they may not sum to $100).
Where $100 of revenue came from
The fiscal year ending June 30, 2025 · Form 990, Part VIII · total revenue $54MThe 990 scorecard · same measures for every charity, no grades
| Measure | FY2025 | Median |
|---|---|---|
| Program services Part IX 25(B) ÷ 25(A) | 81.8% | 84.4% |
| Management & general Part IX 25(C) ÷ 25(A) | 15.8% | 13.4% |
| Fundraising Part IX 25(D) ÷ 25(A) | 2.4% | 0.8% |
| Fundraising cost per $1 of contributions Part IX 25(D) ÷ Part VIII 1h | $0.06 | $0.04 |
| Contributions & grants share of revenue Part VIII 1h ÷ 12 | 36.3% | 19.1% |
| Government grants share of revenue Part VIII 1e ÷ 12 | 15.7% | 1.1% |
| Program service revenue share Part VIII 2g ÷ 12 | 62.7% | 69.9% |
| Highest reported compensation Part VII-A, columns D–F | $369,654 | $331,578 |
| Highest compensation as share of expenses Part VII-A ÷ Part IX 25(A) | 0.77% | 1.28% |
| People paid over $100,000 Part VII, line 2 | 45 | 8 |
| Net assets, in months of expenses Part X 33(B) ÷ monthly expenses | 8.2 | 13.3 |
| Independent voting board members Part VI 1a–1b | 23 of 24 | 100.0% |
A median is context, not a target: hospitals, universities, food banks and grantmakers spend in very different ways. What these measures can and can't tell you.
What the money paid for, in its own words
FY2025 · Form 990, Part III · the three largest programs by expenseVermont Law and Graduate School provides outstanding legal and environmental education, with an emphasis on public service. The Environmental Law Center at VLGS houses the deepest graduate environmental law program in the country, offering Master's and LLM programs on campus, online, and in hybrid formats, and is consistently ranked among the nation's best by U.S. News and World Report. The school offers experiential opportunities through clinics and external training. In Fall of 2024, 730 full and part-time (both residential and online) students were enrolled in JD and other advanced degree…
Highest reported compensation
FY2025 · Form 990, Part VII, Section A · roles as filed; names are in the filing, not here| Role | From this org | From related orgs | Other | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| President Director/trustee, officer, 40.00 hrs/week | $301,246 | $0 | $68,408 | $369,654 |
| Dean of Graduate School Officer, 40.00 hrs/week | $189,825 | $0 | $46,324 | $236,149 |
| Dean of Law School Officer, 40.00 hrs/week | $205,582 | $0 | $25,717 | $231,299 |
| VP of People and Operations Key employee, 40.00 hrs/week | $166,775 | $0 | $48,132 | $214,907 |
| VP of Marketing and Communications Highest compensated employee, 40.00 hrs/week | $177,377 | $0 | $24,841 | $202,218 |
| Dean of School for the Environment Highest compensated employee, 40.00 hrs/week | $151,831 | $0 | $48,686 | $200,517 |
| Dir of CAFS, Professor of Law Highest compensated employee, 40.00 hrs/week | $157,310 | $0 | $41,835 | $199,145 |
| Vice President of OARD Highest compensated employee, 40.00 hrs/week | $173,715 | $0 | $19,935 | $193,650 |
45 people received more than $100,000 in reportable compensation from Vermont Law School (Part VII, line 2). Compensation of current officers, directors and key employees totaled $1.2M (Part IX, line 5).
6 years of filings
Form 990, Parts I, VII, IX and X · each row is that year's own filing, linkedGovernance answers, as filed
FY2025 · the organization's own yes/no answers; explanations, if any, are in Schedule O of the filing · what each means- Voting board members, and how many are independent Part VI, lines 1a–1b24 · 23 independent
- Audited financial statements Part XII 2bYes
- Conflict-of-interest policy Part VI 12aYes
- Whistleblower policy Part VI 13Yes
- Document retention policy Part VI 14Yes
- Independent process for top executive pay Part VI 15aYes
- Board given the 990 before filing Part VI 11aYes
- Family or business ties among insiders Part VI 2No
- Aware of a significant diversion of assets Part VI 5No
- Excess benefit transaction with an insider Part IV 25aNo
- Loans to or from insiders outstanding Part IV 26No
- Lobbying, or a 501(h) election in effect Part IV 4No
- Over $15,000 of professional fundraising services Part IV 18No
- Over $10,000 of activity outside the U.S. Part IV 14bYes
- Employees Part I, line 5522
- Volunteers Part I, line 624
Largest outside contractors
FY2025 · Form 990, Part VII, Section B · businesses only| Spotless & Tidy Cleaners LLC Cleaning Services | $235,840 |
| Synchopatico LLC Marketing Services | $203,900 |
| Tunbridge Solar Royalton LLC Solar Services | $165,271 |
Individuals listed as contractors are left out. 3 contractors were paid more than $100,000 in all.
Private foundation grants it received
12 private foundations reported grants to Vermont Law School totaling $186K on their tax year 2023 Form 990-PF returns. See which foundations, on WHOFUNDS.
Source: WHOFUNDS open grant graph, matched from Form 990-PF Part XV.
Correct a figure or respond
Every number above is copied from Vermont Law School's own Form 990. If one doesn't match the filing, that's our error and we'll fix it. If you work for Vermont Law School, you can publish a response that is linked from this page.
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Of every $100 Vermont Law School spent in FY2025, $81.83 went to programs. The full breakdown, from its IRS Form 990:
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Similar-sized charities in this cause
- Universidad Politecnica de Puerto RicoSan Juan, PR · revenue $54M · programs 62.6% · FY2025
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- Kent Denver Country Day SchoolEnglewood, CO · revenue $55M · programs 77.6% · FY2025
- Colorado AcademyDenver, CO · revenue $54M · programs 84.2% · FY2025
Questions people ask
How much of Vermont Law School's spending goes to programs?
In the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025, Vermont Law School reported that 81.8% of its $48.0 million in expenses went to program services, 15.8% to management and general and 2.4% to fundraising (Form 990, Part IX).
How much does Vermont Law School pay its top executive?
The largest total compensation Vermont Law School reported for one person in the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025 was $369,654, for the role of President (Form 990, Part VII, including compensation from related organizations and other compensation).
Where does Vermont Law School get its money?
Of $54.4 million in revenue in the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025, 36.3% came from contributions and grants (including 15.7% from government grants) and 62.7% from program service revenue (Form 990, Part VIII).
Is Vermont Law School a registered charity?
The IRS lists EIN 23-7251952 as a 501(c)(3) organization (school), and its records show contributions as tax-deductible. Form 990 filings on record here cover tax years 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024. A filing shows what the organization reported; it doesn't by itself show whether a program works.
Sources
- FY2025: Form 990 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2025, object 202621189349300417 · read the filing · XML
- FY2024: Form 990 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2024, object 202521329349305907 · read the filing
- FY2023: Form 990 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2023, object 202401349349303115 · read the filing
- FY2022: Form 990 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2022, object 202331249349300308 · read the filing
- FY2021: Form 990 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2021, object 202231369349302453 · read the filing
- FY2020: Form 990 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2020, object 202141369349300809 · read the filing
All filings for EIN 23-7251952: ProPublica Nonprofit Explorer · IRS Tax Exempt Organization Search. Figures are as the organization reported them; we have not audited them.